Uplink Capacity Analysis for LEO Satellite Networks Using Stochastic Geometry

Recent years have witnessed accelerated development of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite internet, significantly enhancing its critical role in global connectivity, emergency communications, Internet of Things (IoT), and smart city applications. Addressing the insufficient consideration of user stochastic distribution, dynamic interference, and power constraints in existing uplink coverage studies, this paper develops an analytical model based on stochastic geometry theory for LEO satellite uplink performance evaluation. We establish mathematical frameworks characterizing satellite-user distance distributions, channel fading characteristics, and aggregated interference patterns, deriving closed-form solutions for uplink ergodic capacity. Furthermore, the study elucidates the impact mechanisms of user density, beam count, and transmit power on system performance, providing essential parameters and performance boundaries for uplink capacity optimization.