A Node Deployment Strategy in Solar Insecticidal Lamps Internet of Things With Respect to Partial Coverage and Energy Harvesting Requirements

Coverage is a fundamental issue in the Solar Insecticidal Lamps IoTs (SIL-IoTs). Compared to complete coverage, partial coverage emerges as the preferred strategy for deploying SILs within a limited budget, as this deployment solution offers the highest cost-effectiveness. In this paper, we concentrate on studying the constrained SILs deployment problem, taking into account partial coverage and energy harvesting requirements, which we refer to as the cSILDP-PCEH problem. In this context, the positions for deploying SILs are restricted to a weighted set of candidate locations on the ridges. The weight assigned to each candidate location reflects the energy harvesting potential of the SIL deployed at that position. Our objective is to deploy a group of SILs in a subset of these candidate locations, ensuring a high overall energy harvesting potential, network connectivity, and achieving partial coverage. Due to the NP-hard nature of the problem, we introduce an approximation algorithm with a provable performance ratio tailored to our problem. Finally, we conduct a theoretical analysis of our proposed algorithm and perform extensive simulations. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves a minimum improvement of 16.45% in energy harvesting potential while preserving network connectivity and maintaining a comparable coverage level.