NODE DEPLOYMENT AND COVERAGE IN PLANAR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS FOR MILLIMETER WAVE APPLICATIONS

Positioning, coverage, and connectivity have an important role to play in the next generation wireless networks applications. The random deployment of sensor nodes causes poor coverage in a wireless sensor network (WSN). Coverage in a WSN is a measure of how effectively a region of interest (ROI) is monitored and detects events by sensor nodes. To enhance the coverage area, the optimal position of sensor nodes in the ROI is essential. Coverage depends on range, sensitivity, location, and density of sensor nodes. Battery depletion at sensor nodes creates coverage holes in the ROI, and it mitigates the network coverage. The objective of this paper is to define optimal locations of sensor nodes prior to their deployment in the given network terrain and increase the coverage area using the proposed version of the enhanced particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The proposed method is a distributed approach of Delaunay triangulation and enhanced PSO algorithms. The results of sensor deployment and coverage showed that the required coverage conditions are met, and the network lifetime is maximized.