Development of a model for promoting happiness in elderlies based on the theory of positive psychology and the foundations of Iranian and Islamic culture: a qualitative study

Introduction: Happiness, as a positive internal experience and a key indicator of mental health, arises from individuals' cognitive and emotional evaluations of their lives. It has garnered significant attention from psychologists over the past decade Aim: The aim of the present study is to develop a model for promoting happiness in elderlies. Methods: This study employed a qualitative research design, utilizing a grounded theory approach driven by data. A total of 10 participants, all aged 60 years and older, were selected through purposive sampling following a public call issued via the San Kamal Instagram page in 2022. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed in three phases: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Results: After reviewing and analyzing the data, 94 themes, 15 subcategories and 4 main categories were identified. The main categories identified in the analysis included: the importance of interpersonal and intrapersonal communication, mental and physical health within the family of origin, economic, social, and spiritual stability, as well as the possession of essential life skills. The subclasses included self-knowledge, collectivism, affection, family upbringing, childhood memories, youth experiences, environmental factors, personality factor, economic conditions, lifestyle, spiritual dimension, social dimension, psychological skills, individual skills and interpersonal skills. Conclusion: Given the significance of happiness for both physical and mental health—as well as its social dimensions and the influence of health status on the well-being of older adults—macro-level policy and resource planning aimed at promoting happiness in the elderly is essential. Establishing supportive platforms to enhance happiness in later life is therefore of critical importance.