DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SYSTEMS FOR MONITORING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES FOR TIMELY DETECTION OF DEFECTS AND FORECASTING THEIR DEVELOPMENT

In the context of the growing engineering complexity of infrastructure facilities and the increasing risk of man-made disasters, the role of systems for monitoring the technical condition of buildings and structures is significantly increasing. Modern urbanization, climate change and intensive operation of critical facilities necessitate the introduction of innovative approaches to assessing their condition in real time. In this regard, there is a need for adaptive, intelligently controlled and functionally differentiated systems that can ensure timely detection of deviations and prevent destruction. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conceptual model of an integrated system for monitoring the technical condition of infrastructure facilities, which is based on a combination of sensor technologies, digital data processing and forecasting methods, taking into account the specifics of the functioning of different types of structures. Methods. The study uses structural and functional analysis of technical systems, content analysis of modern technological solutions in the field of monitoring, as well as a logical-analytical approach to determining requirements for effective control systems. Particular attention is paid to assessing the practical relevance of existing technologies to various types of engineering facilities. Results. As a result of the work, the requirements for modern monitoring systems were systematized, and the factors that determine their efficiency and adaptability were identified. The need for an individual approach to system development was substantiated, depending on the type of facility, operating environment, and level of criticality. A multi-level conceptual monitoring model was proposed, which involves the integration of sensor modules, digital data processing platforms, and predictive analytical components. The model implements the principle of continuous, comprehensive, and intelligent monitoring of the technical condition of infrastructure facilities. Conclusions. The presented model demonstrates the potential for significantly increasing the efficiency of infrastructure facility life cycle management and preventing emergency situations. The implementation of such systems contributes to reducing risks, optimizing resource provision for technical maintenance, and forming reliable engineering safety strategies. Prospects for further research include practical testing of the model, development of energy-efficient autonomous sensors, and implementation of monitoring systems in digital urban environment management structures.