LEGAL REGULATION OF TAX INCENTIVES IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Tax incentives are a key instrument of state support for business and a driver of national economic attractiveness for investors. The purpose of this article is to conduct a comparative legal analysis of tax incentive mechanisms in the Russian Federation and foreign countries, with a particular focus on supporting the manufacturing sector. The methodological basis of the study includes theoretical interpretation of tax law categories, analysis of current legislation, and synthesis of international practices. The study identifies key legal models and tools applied in various jurisdictions, including tax holidays, investment deductions, accelerated depreciation, and reduced tax rates. The article substantiates the need for the development of flexible, targeted, and results-oriented tax benefits, as well as the strengthening of legal and institutional mechanisms for monitoring their effectiveness. Based on the analysis, the author proposes recommendations for improving Russian legislation in the field of tax incentives, taking into account current economic challenges and global experience.