Spread Spectrum Time Domain Reflectometry for Microwave Breast Cancer Detection

Microwave detection of breast tumors has shown significant promise. This technology uses microwave transceivers such as vector network analyzers (VNA) or Ultrawideband (UWB) pulsed systems, using a switch network to sequentially measure the reflection and transmission coefficients of antennas surrounding the breast. Our objective is to replace this technology with a faster system that can test all antennas in parallel. Spread spectrum time domain reflectometry (SSTDR) is proposed to replace the VNA or UWB pulsed systems and switches, providing a much faster scan and less expensive electronics. We quantify the SSTDR confidence intervals and detectable differences for simulated tumors in a breast cancer phantom, demonstrating the potential of this method. Microwave breast cancer detection is a promising modality for the detection of breast tumors. Using non-ionizing radiation, it can complement x-ray mammography by providing more frequent scans for high-risk patients.