Education and Upbringing in Literature: The Cognitive and Linguacultural Aspects in “The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie” and “Shum Bola”

Education and upbringing are central themes in literature, reflecting cultural, linguistic, and cognitive perspectives on personal development. This article explores how “The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie” by Muriel Spark and “Shum Bola” by G‘afur G‘ulom depict the concept through a linguacultural and cognitive lens. A contrastive analysis reveals that Miss Jean Brodie presents education as an ideological and elitist tool, emphasizing teacher authority, while Shum Bola portrays education as a practical, experience-based process rooted in communal learning. Cognitive framing in the novels highlights differing metaphors of knowledge acquisition - indoctrination versus self-discovery. Linguistically, Miss Jean Brodie employs irony and formal rhetoric, whereas Shum Bola incorporates humour and oral storytelling traditions. The findings contribute to cross-cultural studies of education in literature, demonstrating how historical and societal contexts shape educational ideologies in fiction.