TRAUMATIC IRRITATION FIBROID: ETIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL MANAGEMENT

Traumatic irritation fibroids are a benign lesion commonly found in dental practice, caused by chronic mechanical trauma to the oral mucosa. This condition represents a hyperplastic response of soft tissues, occurring in areas subject to constant friction or pressure, such as the oral mucosa, gums and tongue. Clinically, the lesion presents as a well-defined mass, of firm consistency, with a color similar to the normal mucosa, being usually painless. The diagnosis is based on anamnesis, clinical examination and histopathological confirmation, with the aim of differentiating it from other oral lesions, including those with malignant potential. Standard treatment involves removal of the causative factor and complete surgical excision of the lesion. Modern technologies, such as laser, offer significant advantages in terms of postoperative recovery and aesthetics. Although the course is generally favorable, complications such as relapse or local inflammation can occur in the absence of proper management. Prevention, through patient education and the elimination of chronic trauma, plays an essential role. This article provides a comprehensive insight into the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and complications associated with traumatic irritation fibroids, emphasizing the importance of prompt intervention and personalized management for each patient.