THE POLITICS OF MEMORY OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN KAZAKHSTAN AND KYRGYZSTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF FOREIGN POLICY IDENTITY

This article examines the politics of memory of the war and the victory over fascism as an important element of the foreign policy identity of the post-Soviet countries. The key actors in this policy are heads of state, who develop rhetoric and actions relating to the representation of collective memory, while considering the choice of foreign policy strategy. The article is based on the congratulatory speeches delivered by the presidents of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan on the occasion of Victory Day, commemorating the Great Patriotic War. The author notes that, the presidents of Kyrgyzstan emphasise their connection with Russia by referencing the Great Patriotic War. Kazakhstan's presidents place importance on preserving memory, honouring their ancestors, safeguarding sovereignty and independence, and since 2022, peace. It is concluded that there is a visible similarity in cultural and humanitarian policies, including respect for the memory of the Great Patriotic War, preservation of the state status of the Russian language, etc. However, the politics of memory and its value aspects are influenced by different aspects of foreign policy strategy. While Kyrgyzstan continues to align its cultural and humanitarian policies with Russia, political actors in Kazakhstan are striving to develop a multi-vector policy, as evidenced by the presidents' rhetoric emphasising ideas of sovereignty.