Decoding NPA Nuances: A Pioneering Comparative Odyssey of India's Non-Performing Assets in the Global Arena

Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) in the Indian banking sector together with a comparative assessment of the issues that other Asian economy. This study aims at decoding NPAs of India and comparing it with selected Asian countries China, Thailand, South Korea, and Japan. For this, we studied the historical expansion of the Indian banking sector following nationalisation of that sector along with all historical background of NPAs of selected Asian Countries. Trends in nonperforming assets (NPA) in India and selected Asian countries have been illustrated in this paper span 2008 to 2023. Apart from the examination of government programmes such as the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) and Asset Reconstruction Companies (ARCs), several significant elements, including legal obstacles, political influences, and delays in asset disposal, are taken into consideration. The report notes a high in 2017–2018 followed by a period of decline, suggesting that the quality of the assets has also improved. This analysis reveals, among other traits, inadequate legal frameworks, reliance on the government, disparities in firm structures and macroeconomic policies. Following the research, it is quite clear that regulatory changes, improved openness, and strong government are all absolutely necessary to reduce the risks related to non-performing assets (NPAs) and to promote sustainable economic growth.