Development of Practical Laboratory-Based Activities in General Chemistry for Grade 11 Students

This study aimed to develop Practical Laboratory-Based Activities in General Chemistry for Grade 11 Students for the School Year 2022-2023. The developed learning materials included activities on the topics of Gas Laws, ideal gas law, and Dalton’s law. These topics were selected based on the results of a diagnostic test taken by the Grade 11 students, which is considered the least mastered competency in General Chemistry I. This study employed the research and development method, involving the planning, development, and evaluation of materials anchored to the ADDIE model. Ten expert evaluators in the field of science evaluated the learning material, considering its content, format, presentation, organization, accuracy, and the currency of information, utilizing an adapted evaluation rating sheet designed for print resources provided by Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS) of the Department of Education (DepEd). To ensure alignment with its intended learners, the Flesh-Kincaid Grade Level was employed to determine the readability level of the developed learning material. The results of the study revealed that the following competencies were identified as the least mastered in General Chemistry 1, namely: Use the gas laws to determine the pressure, volume, or temperature of a gas under certain conditions of change (41.44%), Use the ideal gas equation to calculate pressure, volume, Temperature, or number of moles of a gas (31.57%) and Use Dalton’s law of partial pressures to relate mole fraction and partial pressure of gases in a mixture (27.14%). A practical laboratory-based activity material was developed to address the least mastered competencies. The developed learning material contains two activities in each topic: Charles, Boyles, Gay-Lusssac, Dalton and Ideal Gas Law. Based on the evaluation of the science experts, the developed practical laboratory-based activity material obtained a passing score along content (27.60), format (67.80), presentation and organization (18.20), and accuracy and up-to-datedness of information (24.00). Likewise, with a readability level of 51.5, the developed material is suited for grades 10th and 12th. It is therefore recommended that the teachers explore alternative interventions to address the least mastered competencies in General Chemistry I, and teacher developers should endeavor to create other types of learning materials to accommodate various student learning preferences and styles. Moreover, the utilization of the developed practical laboratory-based activity material in lower-year secondary schools is encouraged to determine its readability across different grade levels. Furthermore, Science teachers can utilize this material in their classes to identify potential issues learners may encounter, and it can be used by teachers to address learning difficulties, especially in General Chemistry I.