Vitamin D Deficiency and its impact on Orthodontic Treatment Efficiency

Vitamin D, known as the "sunshine vitamin," is vital for calcium absorption, bone metabolism, immune function, cardiovascular health, and dental health. Synthesised in the skin through exposure to sunlight and obtained from the diet, it exists as vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol), with D3 being more effective in maintaining optimal serum levels. Adequate vitamin D supports skeletal integrity, tooth development, and periodontal health. Factors such as sunlight exposure, diet, age, skin pigmentation, and health conditions influence vitamin D levels. Despite its importance, deficiency is common worldwide and can affect bone health, negatively affecting orthodontic treatment outcomes. Research shows that vitamin D deficiency hampers bone remodelling, slowing orthodontic tooth movement. Addressing this deficiency through diet or supplementation may improve the efficiency of orthodontic procedures, highlighting the importance of maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels during treatment. Key Words: Bone metabolism, Bone remodelling, Calcium absorption, Orthodontic tooth movement, Vitamin D