Evaluation of the effectiveness and risks of mergers and acquisitions in the financial sector in modern conditions

In the context of high volatility in the global economy, stricter regulatory requirements, and rapid technological advancement, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in the financial sector have become particularly significant as a strategic tool for growth, optimization, and digital transformation. This article explores contemporary approaches to assessing the effectiveness and risks of M&A deals, with a focus on the specific features of financial institutions. Special attention is given to evaluation models such as DCF, EVA, and event-study, to case analysis of major transactions, as well as to the role of digital technologies and integration strategies. The practical aspects of M&A implementation in the Russian context are examined through the example of the Tinkoff and Rosbank merger. The study concludes that a comprehensive and risk-oriented approach is essential for M&A success under current conditions.