An integrated approach to sustainable tourism development in the mountain regions of Uzbekistan

Introduction. The article analyzes the tourism potential and development prospects of mountainous regions of Uzbekistan, including the Tien Shan and Gissar-Alai ranges that span the Tashkent, Namangan, Andijan, Fergana and Surkhandarya regions. These areas are rich in natural and cultural resources and offer significant opportunities for ecological, ethnographic and active tourism. Despite this, the tourism sector faces challenges such as limited infrastructure, poor transport accessibility in high-altitude areas, and insufficient digital integration and global visibility. The article explores strategies to address these limitations and ensure sustainable tourism development in the region. Methods. The study is based on a comprehensive analysis of the tourism potential of selected mountainous regions of Uzbekistan. A mixed-method approach was used, including analysis of official statistical data, descriptions of natural and cultural attractions, expert assessments, and results of field research (photo documentation, GPS tracking, interviews with local tourism stakeholders). Comparative and systemic methods were applied to evaluate the influence of environmental, infrastructural and economic factors. Results. The research has shown that the Chimgan-Beldersay region in Tashkent oblast is actively developing as a year-round tourist destination, supported by ski infrastructure and improved accommodation. The Fergana Valley stands out in terms of health and ethnographic tourism, particularly around Chartak mineral springs and local crafts. Surkhandarya, with its unique cultural heritage and UNESCO recognized traditions, has high potential for ethnographic and ecological tourism, but suffers from poor infrastructure and low accessibility. The introduction of digital technologies, infrastructure investments, and regional branding initiatives are identified as crucial for unlocking the full tourism potential of these regions. Conclusions. The article highlights the need for a comprehensive and coordinated approach to developing tourism in Uzbekistan’s mountainous regions. It is proposed that priority be given to infrastructure expansion, digitalization, community-based tourism development and targeted marketing. Only through the integration of natural, cultural and technological assets can these regions emerge as competitive tourist destinations capable of supporting sustainable economic growth.