A Compact Pharaonic Ankh-Key Array Antenna for Millimeter Wave Applications

With the rapid evolution of wireless communication, the demand for compact, high-efficiency antennas with multi-band capabilities is increasing. This paper presents the design, simulation, fabrication, and experimental validation of a two-element Pharaonic Ankh-Key array antenna for 5G and millimeter-wave (mmWave) applications. Unlike conventional designs, this antenna leverages the unique geometry of the Pharaonic Ankh symbol to enhance bandwidth and gain while maintaining a compact form factor. The proposed antenna operates efficiently across 24 GHz to 50 GHz and is fabricated on FR4 epoxy ($r=4.4$, tan $\delta=0.02$), providing a cost-effective solution for MIMO systems. The design is optimized using Ansys HFSS, and real-world measurements validate its broad impedance bandwidth, high radiation efficiency, and stable directional characteristics. This fusion of culturally inspired design principles with modern fabrication techniques introduces a novel, scalable solution for next-generation 5 G and mmWave wireless communication systems, demonstrating the potential of unconventional geometries in high-frequency antenna applications.