Conceptual foundations of the organization of the “Caucasus” cluster as part of the international tourism project “Silk road” and its potential impact on the mountain ecosystems of the North Caucasus

Introduction. The article examines the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) program, which was created to harmonize economic ties in the target region. Considering the importance of CAREC logistics corridors, the study emphasizes the historical and cultural potential of the North Caucasus region. The purpose of the study. The main objective of the study was to identify the conceptual foundations of the organization of the tourism cluster “Caucasus” as part of the international project “Silk Road” and assess its possible impact on the mountain ecosystems of the North Caucasus. Research methods. In developing the programmatic research questions on the topic of the issue, methods of documentary, geographical and spatial analysis, case studies and the method of expert research were used. Research results. The article presents the results of the analysis of the conditions affecting the development of the tourism and hospitality industry within the framework of the implementation of the international tourist route (ITR) “Silk Road”. Conclusions. It was noted that the creation of the Caucasus tourism cluster within the framework of the CAREC program during the implementation of the Silk Road ITR could have a significant impact on the mountain ecosystems of both the Sochi National Park and the Caucasus Biosphere Reserve, and contribute to an increase in the flow of tourists, which, in turn, may lead to increased anthropogenic impact on ecosystems. In order to minimize the negative impact of ITR on mountain ecosystems of the North Caucasus, it is necessary to develop clear strategies for natural resource management.