Millimeter Wave Dual Polarized Huygens Lens of 0.14 λ₀Thickness

A new dual polarized Huygens unit cell of 0.14 λ<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> thickness with two metal layers at W-band frequency range is designed, simulated and experimentally tested. The proposed unit cell has an electric dipole and a magnetic dipole for both horizontal and vertical polarizations to generate the Huygens resonance. The electric dipole has a metal strip with slot on the top and a strip on the bottom. The magnetic dipole has metal strips on the top and bottom surfaces. The electric surface admittance and magnetic surface impedance confirms the Huygens resonance at 78.49 GHz. A planar Huygens lens is designed by arranging twenty-one different unit cells whose parameters are varied to realize 360° transmission phase range. The Huygens lens increased the simulated realized gain of the horn antenna to 23.3 dBi in vertical polarization and to 20.6 dBi in horizontal polarization at 78.5 GHz when simulated with the horn antenna of gain 13.8 dBi. The simulated 3 dB beam widths are reduced to 3.48° for vertical polarization and 4.36° for horizontal polarization at 78.5 GHz. The Huygens lens is tested experimentally, and the measured realized gain of the horn antenna is increased to 24.42 dBi for vertical polarizations and 18. 74 dBi for horizontal polarization at 78.7 GHz when the horn antenna gain is 20.2 dBi at 78. 7 GHz. The measured beam widths are reduced to 2.66° for the vertical polarization and 2.7° for the horizontal polarization from 13.06°of the feed horn antenna.