DNA methylation of CA10 regulates the proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer

This study investigated the role of <i>CA10</i> gene DNA methylation in bladder cancer progression, revealing that hypermethylation significantly reduces <i>CA10</i> expression in tumor tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Utilizing TCGA data analysis with the ChAMP package for DMPs/DMRs, alongside qRT-PCR/semiquantitative RT-PCR for methylation and expression validation, researchers found that treatment with the demethylating agent 5-Aza-dC restored <i>CA10</i> expression. Functional assays (flow cytometry, MTT, transwell) demonstrated that this restoration inhibited cancer cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression. Furthermore, <i>in vivo</i> tumor xenograft models confirmed <i>CA10</i>'s tumor-suppressive role and the efficacy of epigenetic therapy in inhibiting tumor growth. The study identifies DNA methylation-driven silencing of <i>CA10</i> as a key mechanism in bladder carcinogenesis and highlights its broader diagnostic potential across cancers.