Effective DG and Capacitor Placement in Power Distribution System: A Comparative Study Using Whale Optimization Algorithms (WOA) and Dragonfly Optimization Algorithms (DA)

Electric distribution systems need power loss minimization to achieve efficient stable power delivery. The research examines the efficiency of Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Dragonfly Algorithm (DA) which optimize power loss within a 33-bus radial distribution system. The evaluation covers five scenarios which include a base case without DGs, or capacitors and single DG placement and multiple DG placements followed by capacitor-only placement and a combined DG and capacitor configuration. The research examines five parameters that include power loss minimization and enhanced voltage profiles together with quick convergence operations and efficient computations and robust solutions. The results demonstrate that properly positioned DGs and capacitors through WOA and DA algorithms lead to decreased power loss together with better voltage profiles. The convergence pace of WOA becomes fast in basic situations but DG placement with multiple units or combinations of DGs and capacitors demonstrates stronger robustness and broader solution range through DA. The research compares algorithm performance under various conditions thus providing useful methods to select optimization approaches that achieve maximum power loss reduction and stability improvement in distribution systems.