Clinic-laboratory blood parameters and the contribution of reninangiotensin system gene polymorphisms in pregnant women with preeclampsia

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related condition linked to hypertension and proteinuria.It is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality.The aim of the study: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PE on blood parameters and to assess its diagnostic significance.It also investigated the association between renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to PE. Materials and methods: We studied 40 pregnant women aged 25 to 40 years (10 with normal pregnancy, 10 with mild PE, 10 with moderate PE, and 10 with severe PE).We measured alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, creatinine, and total protein levels in both normal and preeclamptic pregnancies.Furthermore, we genotyped 40 preeclamptic women and 60 normotensive pregnant controls for renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms.Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was carried out to assess the interactions among these polymorphisms.Results: The activity of ALT, AST, and ALP significantly increased in PE groups (mild, moderate, severe) compared to the control group (p=0.008-0.00001).Urea level significantly increased in severe PE (p=0.038).Creatinine levels increased significantly in moderate and severe PE (p=0.00004-0.00001),while total protein levels decreased significantly in all PE groups compared to the control group (p=0.001-0.00005).We also found that the T allele of the AGT (C521T; Thr174Met; rs4762) polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of PE (p=0.005), and the TT genotype was also significant but not associated with increased risk of PE (p=0.034).The best MDR model was the four-factor model with a test balance accuracy of 0.546 and a maximum cross-validation consistency of 10/10 (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Preeclamptic pregnancies had elevated ALT, AST, ALP, serum urea, serum creatinine, and reduced total protein levels.In addition, the AGT (C521T; Thr174Met; rs4762) polymorphism was associated with PE risk.Furthermore, the four-factors MDR model was highly informative and associated with PE risk (p<0.0001).