Study results of lentil varieties (Lens culinaris Medic.) in the Cis-Urals of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Lentil is a valuable legume, widely spread throughout the world. In the Republic of Bashkortostan, agricultural producers do not have much interest in cultivating lentil due to its low productivity, primarily due to the insufficient number of varieties adaptable to the conditions of the region. In this regard, the purpose of the current study was to estimate lentil varieties by the most important traits and properties to select the most suitable ones for the Cis-Urals. The trials were conducted in 2022–2024. Weather conditions were contrasting by the years, since 2023 and 2024 were arid (HTC = 0.52 and HTC = 0.71, respectively), 2022 was favorable due to moisture supply and temperature conditions (HTC = 1.30). The estimation, records and measurements were carried out in accordance with the Methodology of the state variety testing of agricultural crops. The lentil varieties ‘Vekhovskaya 1’, ‘Ekaterinovskaya’, ‘Rauza’, ‘Danaya’, ‘Oktava’, ‘Pikantnaya’, ‘Nevesta’, ‘Lira’ were the material for the current study. The results of our trials have shown that in 2022–2024, the earliest ripening varieties were ‘Pikantnaya’, ‘Danaya’, ‘Vekhovskaya 1’ with the length of a vegetation period of 74.3±1.5; 74.0±2.0; 75.3±2.5 days, respectively. The technologically efficient varieties with high attachment of lower beans were ‘Ekaterinovskaya’, ‘Oktava’, ‘Nevesta’, ‘Danaya’, ‘Pikantnaya’. High seed productivity was established in the varieties ‘Ekaterinovskaya’, ‘Oktava’, ‘Nevesta’ with 2.06±0.11; 1.94±0.04; 1.94±0.09 g of seed per plant, respectively. According to the Competitive Variety Testing data, on average over 3 years, the greatest grain yield increase was given by the varieties ‘Nevesta’ (+0.16 t/ha), ‘Ekaterinovskaya’ (+0.15 t/ha), ‘Oktava’ (+0.12 t/ha). The results obtained allow recommending the most adaptive and highly productive lentil varieties ‘Ekaterinovskaya’, ‘Nevesta’, ‘Oktava’ for cultivation in the Republic of Bashkortostan.