Metals extraction from enrichment waste and industrial effluents

The purpose of the article is to detail the physico-chemical processes of metal leaching from enrichment waste and mine effluents. Methods: generalization, analysis, modeling, calculations, engineering forecasting. The criterion for the effectiveness of metal leaching is the quantitative indicators of the results of leaching ores and products of their processing in apparatuses. The mineral raw materials were activated in a disintegrator activator with filter data processing by three–dimensional interpolation. Results. A reference is given on the accumulation of mining waste and the experience of industrial development of metal leaching technology options. It is shown that the priority problem of the new technology, along with obtaining economic results, is to minimize damage to environmental ecosystems. The quantitative values and parameters of the industrial effluents of the deposit, as well as the reserves of tailings processing storages of the Republics of the North Caucasus region, which affect the ecology of Southern Russia, are given. The measures for improving the underground leaching of substandard ores for traditional metal mining technologies in underground blocks are summarized. An algorithm for electrochemical extraction of metals from solutions of natural and man-made leaching has been developed. The advantages of the brine circulation option in brine chambers and the extraction of metals from brines in sorption columns with a counterflow of pulp and solutions are substantiated. It is concluded that further research in the affected area of mining should contribute to shaping are man-made deposits with active natural leaching, to which is added the synergistic effect of the interaction of chemically active metals and their compounds. The development of methods for leaching metals from ores makes it possible to solve the problems of mining in terms of increasing the completeness of subsurface use and reducing the burden on the environment. Modernization and improvement of metal extraction processes from substandard metal-containing primary and secondary mineral raw materials is associated with the development of methods of mechanic and chemical activation. Suggestions for practical applications and directions for future research. The results of the study may be in demand when improving the processes of low-waste metal mining, including from substandard raw materials.