Assessment of the Influence of Weather Conditions and Dust Accumulation on Solar Energy Production of Al-Hussein Bin Talal Power Plant

Photovoltaic solar energy is a vital resource in addressing global environmental and climate change challenges, with particular significance in Jordan. However, the weather, which varies with time, has a significant impact on how efficient solar photovoltaic systems are. This study investigates how various weather patterns affect a photovoltaic system’s energy output. The effects of several meteorological variables were examined using Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR), and the chemical makeup of the dust settling on the PV panels and in the surrounding area was evaluated. Primary data from a 3.02 MW solar power system at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University (AHU) in Ma’an, Jordan, were gathered at different periods. According to the findings, weather conditions explained 14.9% of the variation in energy output in 2021 but 34.1% in 2022. The most common component in the dust, silica, was found to have relatively modest levels of heavy metals, suggesting that anthropogenic sources were the primary causes of dust pollution.