CONTRIBUTION OF ACADEMICIAN YA.E. EISENBERG TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL SYSTEMS IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD

June 13, 2024, marked the 90th anniversary of the birth of Yakov Einovich Eisenberg, a prominent scientist, General Designer of control systems for four generations of intercontinental ballistic missiles, launch vehicles, spacecraft, and orbital space modules, and Member of the Academy of Technological Sciences of Ukraine. Despite the significant scholarly achievements of the scientist in the field of rocket and space science and technology, his personality is not sufficiently covered in modern scientific biography. Based on the representative set of sources, the article summarizes the key scientific achievements of Ya. E. Eisenberg in the field of controlling the movement, range, flight accuracy, stabilization, navigation, and orientation of rocket and space technologycontrol systems.Information about the most important space projects is presented based on the memories of eyewitnesses and direct participants in these events. The historical analysis of the evolution of control systems of intercontinental ballistic missiles, the control systems of which were created with the direct participation of the scientist, can be traced on the example of rockets — R-12, R-14, R-16, R-36, R-36 orbital, R-36M, R-36M UTTX, UR-100N, UR-100NU, R-36M2, and the intercontinental cruise missile “Meteorit”. The article highlights the scientific and technical developments implemented under the guidance of the scientist regarding the control systems of space launch vehicles. They are: “Cyclone-2” LV, “Cyclone-3” LV, “Cyclone-4” LV. This list also includes control systems of “Energia” LV and spacecraft — “Cosmos”, “Tselina”, “Okean”, “Koronas”, “Sich” and supply vehicles of the “Almaz” rocket and space system, as well as “Kvant-1”, “Kvant-2”, “Krystal”, “Spectr” and “Priroda” of the “Mir” space station and “Zarya” base module of the of the International Space Station. The article elucidates the personal competencies of Ya. E. Eisenberg as the head of JSC “Khartron”. The contribution of the scientist to the organization of the system of training of scientific personnel and international cooperation for the development of the rocket and space industry of Ukraine was studied. The key innovative solutions of the scientist, implemented within international space projects, in particular “Dnipro”, “Rockit”, “Strela”, and “Antares”, as well as in various branches of the Ukrainian economy, are analyzed. It is substantiated that the scientific activity of Ya. E. Eisenberg contributed to the creation of one of the leading research and design schools in the field of development of modern control systems for rocket and space technology.