Techno-economic optimization for sustainable and efficient green hydrogen export

Abstract Green hydrogen is created by electrolysis with electricity derived from sustainable sources such as solar and wind power. Long-distance green hydrogen transportation across numerous mediums can be technically challenging, which has significant effects on the nature of the worldwide market. In this research, techno-economic analysis investigates the cost of green hydrogen transported along 15 regional routes around the world, such as from Egypt to Asia or another continent. Monte Carlo simulation has been proposed to calculate the levelized cost of green hydrogen in various locations over the next few decades. Green hydrogen offers diverse transportation options, ranging from compressed and liquefied forms to energy carriers such as ammonia, methanol, and synthetic fuels. Other methods involve storing hydrogen within materials such as porous carbon, metal hydrides, and even traditional fuels such as diesel, natural gas, and liquefied natural gas. These forms can be transported through a variety of modes, such as shipping, trucking, train transportation, and pipeline transportation. To determine the most cost-effective distribution strategy, a linear programming analysis was conducted for each region. The region’s analysis results in 2030 show that green hydrogen volumes transferred from source regions to destination regions reached 87 Mt.