A qualitative study discovering the lived experience of primary caregivers of female survivors with Major Depressive Disorder

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a rising public health concern in Malaysia, particularly among women. While many studies have focused on individuals living with MDD, limited research explores the lived experiences of their primary caregivers. This qualitative study aims to fill this gap by examining the narratives of caregivers supporting female survivors of MDD. Using a narrative inquiry approach, four primary caregivers were selected through purposive sampling. Each participant engaged in two in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s six-phase method, resulting in five overarching themes and seventeen subordinate themes: sense of responsibility, acceptance of MDD, difficulties in the course of care, assistance obtained, and hope. Findings revealed that caregivers played a crucial role not only in managing daily responsibilities but also in offering emotional and spiritual support throughout the recovery process. Despite not explicitly identifying their experiences as “stress” or “burnout,” caregivers described considerable emotional hardship, including exposure to stigma, isolation, and the burden of care. These experiences point to a complex interplay between resilience and underreported distress, shaped by cultural values, familial duty, and religious beliefs. The study highlights the importance of integrating caregivers into the recovery ecosystem through clinical interventions such as psychoeducation and support groups. It also underscores the need for policy measures that recognize and sustain caregivers’ contributions, including mental health literacy campaigns, structured caregiver support, and stigma reduction efforts. These findings contribute to the growing body of research and shed light on the importance of yet overlooked experiences of caregivers in Malaysia. Based on these firsthand experiences, it is hoped that these insights will help strengthen mental health services and nurture a more supportive environment for both MDD survivors and their caregivers.