Spatial analysis of CO₂ emissions and their relationship with economic activity in the states of Mexico.

The present study uses a spatial econometric model to analyze the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, economic activity, and the state population in Mexico. Official data from 2022 were used, integrating financial, demographic and spatial variables. The results highlight that the Gross State Domestic Product and the population positively and significantly impact emissions. In addition, relevant spatial patterns were identified, highlighting the need to consider economic, demographic, and spatial factors in formulating public policies. This approach allows us to understand the regional interdependence in generating emissions and proposes strategies to design more effective environmental policies. It is concluded that mitigation policies must consider both economic dynamics and spatial interactions to maximize their effectiveness.