Retention of rural youth in agriculture: Influencing factors and strategic interventions for livelihood security

The retention of rural youth in agriculture is crucial for ensuring the sustainability of India’s agrarian economy and securing the livelihoods of millions. However, agriculture today faces multifaceted challenges including decreasing landholdings, low profitability, climate risks, and the growing disinterest among youth. This study explores the key factors influencing rural youth in their decision to either continue or abandon agriculture as a livelihood in the Saurashtra region of Gujarat. Using a mixed sampling technique, the study surveyed 240 rural youth across selected talukas of Rajkot and Jamnagar districts, where migration trends are notably high. The findings revealed that landholding size, income level, education, access to agricultural resources, family background, market and risk orientation, and achievement motivation significantly influenced youth decisions. The study also gathered suggestions from youth and stakeholders to improve youth engagement in agriculture. These included improved access to credit and technology, training on modern practices, market linkages, and better recognition of agriculture as a viable career. The study provides practical insights for policymakers, extension agencies, and educational institutions to develop targeted strategies for engaging rural youth in agriculture, thereby ensuring sustainable rural livelihoods.