Opportunities and Prospects for Monitoring the Marine Environment on the Northern Sea Route by Space Means of Remote Sensing of the Earth

The main directions of development of the Northern Sea Route for the period up to 2035 are analyzed. The results of an analysis of the navigation of large-tonnage vessels during summer navigation on the routes of the Northern Sea Route, as well as the parameters of lateral deviations from the recommended routes and the width of their lanes are presented. The state and prospects of development of the Russian orbital constellation of spacecraft solving the problems of remote sensing of the Earth in the Arctic are considered. The forecast of the expected results of the application of existing and prospective space systems in solving the problems of monitoring navigation on the Northern Sea Route has been carried out.