Relation between Lipid Profile and Outcome of Pneumonia with Sepsis

Background: Lipid changes in sepsis is addressed. However, high density lipoprotein is extensively studied. Other lipids are poorly studied. In addition, the lipid profile changes in sepsis due to pneumonia is poorly investigated, especially its relation to in-hospital mortality.The aim of the work: This work aimed to examine the changes in lipid profile, amongst others, in sepsis-related mortality due to pneumonia.Patients and methods: Eighty patients with confirmed diagnosis of pneumonia with sepsis were included. They followed up till their discharge and then categorized into survivors [n=54] and non-survivors [n=26]. The laboratory, clinical, and radiological data were compared between both groups. In particular, the levels of lipid profile were estimated and correlated with mortality.Results: The mortality rate among study subjects was 32.5%. Mortality was significantly associated with older age, higher smoking index and admission to intensive care unit [ICU]. The mean age of survivors was 56.15±9.69 year, compared to 66.73±6.24 years for non-survivors, while the [Median [IQR]] smoking index was 525.0[612.5] and 175.0[472.5] in non-survivors and [survivors], respectively. Furthermore, the lipid profile revealed significant reduction of high- and low-density lipoproteins in non-survivors than Survivors [49.23±4.10, 106.61±4.48 vs 55.29±3.69 and 131.16±7.16, respectively]. Similarly, cholesterol was significantly reduced in non-survivors than Survivors [140.50±5.87 vs 157.77±8.90, respectively]. Mortality was also significantly associated with higher liver enzymes, C-reactive protein CRP, neutrophil percentage, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio [NLR] and serum creatinine, while it was associated with a significant reduction of serum albumin and lymphocyte percentage.Conclusion: Serum cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein levels, but not triglycerides significantly reduced in non-survivors with pneumonia-related sepsis when compared to survivors. It can be used as predictor indicators for mortality, beside others in those patients.