Effects of integrated diet and exercise interventions on glycaemic regulation in individuals with prediabetes

Background: Prediabetes is a state of impaired glucose metabolism that is highly associated with the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes. Effective interventions involving lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, have shown promise in preventing progression to diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the combined effects of diet and exercise on glycaemic control and metabolic health in individuals with prediabetes.Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 120 prediabetic individuals who were assigned to three groups: Group A (diet), Group B (exercise), and Group C (combined diet and exercise). The intervention lasted for 12 weeks, during which participants underwent personalized dietary counselling and exercise routines. Glycaemic control was assessed through fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c levels.Results: The combined diet and exercise group (Group C) showed significant improvement in FBG and HbA1c compared to the other two groups. Group B (exercise) also showed improvement in insulin sensitivity, while Group A (diet) demonstrated modest improvement in weight and metabolic markers.Conclusions: A combined diet and exercise protocol provides superior benefits for glycaemic control and metabolic health in prediabetic individuals. These findings suggest that integrated lifestyle interventions should be prioritized for preventing the progression to Type 2 Diabetes.