Formulation and Physicochemical Characterization of a Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) Gel Combining Minoxidil and Finasteride for the Treatment of Alopecia in Prospective Hajj Pilgrims

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) are innovative lipid-based delivery systems used in topical applications to dissolve active ingredients within the oil phase. Minoxidil functions as a vasodilator that stimulates hair growth, while Finasteride is a specific inhibitor of type II 5α-reductase, proven effective in treating androgenic alopecia. The combination of these two active ingredients in an NLC system offers an efficient strategy to enhance bioavailability, improve stability, and increase comfort in topical use. This study aims to develop an NLC gel formulation containing both Minoxidil and Finasteride as a potential treatment for androgenic alopecia, particularly in prospective Hajj pilgrims who are susceptible to hair loss due to extreme environmental conditions. The formulation incorporates solid lipid monostearin and liquid lipid Miglyol 808 at an 8:2 ratio, with Carbopol 940 as the gel base. Physicochemical evaluations including particle size, pH, viscosity, entrapment efficiency, and spreadability were conducted to assess formulation stability and performance. The results indicated that the formulation met the desired criteria, with particle size <1000 nm, pH ranging from 5.5 to 6.0, entrapment efficiency >80%, and optimal spreadability. This NLC gel presents a practical and effective alternative for managing hair loss, especially under extreme conditions.