Identification of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Stage I-III in the Inpatient Ward of Hospital X, Bandar Lampung

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage I–III is characterized by elevated blood glucose and mild to moderate kidney function decline. Patients with this comorbidity are at risk of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs). This study aimed to identify the characteristics and incidence of DRPs in T2DM patients with CKD stage I–III at the inpatient ward of Hospital X, Bandar Lampung, between January and March 2023. This retrospective, descriptive study analyzed 36 medical records met the inclusion criteria. DRPs were identified using Cipolle’s method (2021). Most patients were aged >60 years (75.00%), male (52.78%), had BMI <25 kg/m² (55.56%), diabetes duration <5 years (77.78%), comorbidities (75.00%), and were treated with a combination of oral antidiabetic drugs and insulin (41.68%). DRPs were observed in 27 patients (75.00%) with 41 total incidents, including unnecessary drug therapy (7.31%), need for additional therapy (12.19%), ineffective drugs (4.87%), insufficient dosage (24.39%), excessive dosage (46.37%), and adverse drug reactions (4.87%). The most frequent DRPs were dosing problems. Regular DRP identification is crucial to optimize therapy safety and effectiveness in T2DM patients with CKD.