ETHNOLINGUISTIC PECULIARITIES OF ANTICIPATION IN TEXT VERBAL PERCEPTION

The anticipation study problem as a universal mechanism of human mental organization is significant from the view point of both theory and practical application. When studying any cognitive process and mechanism of human behavior, the issue of the relationship between the goal, process and the activity outcome linked together in the anticipation phenomenon becomes inevitable. The manuscript is a theoretical-experimental research aimed at studying the anticipation process peculiarities in Russian and Indian medical students at receptive speech activity. Anticipation is regarded as an active manifestation of probabilistic prediction, the ability to anticipate text elements and content. Texts with rearranged letters and those with numbers and letters in Russian and English were taken as stimulus material. The anticipation task was to reproduce the linguistic experience, the lack of which affected the process of text content understanding. Reading and understanding these texts required students to have well-developed linguistic and contextual guessing, anticipating what we see but not completely analyze through succesive mechanisms. Anticipation effect on the reading speed, perception, and accuracy in extracting meaningful textual information was considered. The dependence of the efficacy of anticipation mechanism functioning on a foreign language mastering was analyzed. According to the conclusion made, the mechanism of anticipation becomes more flexible and productive under the influence of linguistic experience and this lability is manifested both at the semantic and verbal levels. In this case, text perception accuracy is more determined by linguistic and contextual probability than the physical parameters of the visual stimulus.