Optimal Handover in Beamforming-Enabled Multi-Vehicle Networks Supported by Open RAN

Traditional RAN handover strategies often trigger excessive handovers in V2X systems, leading to unstable links and increased communication overhead. Open and softwarized RAN introduces centralized, intelligent control through custom xApps running on the RAN controller, enabling real-time handover and beam management. However, its application to beamforming-based handovers in multi-vehicle scenarios remains underexplored. In this work, we propose three strategies to minimize handover frequency in both analog and hybrid beamforming systems, with and without relay support. We also outline a simulation framework based on NS-3 and SUMO, the traffic and mobility simulator, to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed solutions.