The impact of home therapy interventions on treatment adherence and patient independence in haemophilia management in Assam, India

Abstract Background Haemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder requiring regular factor replacement therapy, often necessitating frequent hospital visits. Home therapy (HT) has emerged as a viable alternative, improving patient independence and adherence. This study evaluates the impact of a structured home therapy intervention at Assam Medical College and Hospital on treatment adherence, self-infusion rates, and quality of life among haemophilia patients. Methods This was a prospective interventional study conducted over from January 2023 to January 2024, involving 29 people with haemophilia (PWH). Participants underwent structured self-infusion training, nurse-led home visits, and education on prophylactic therapy. Data was collected at three time points (pre-HT, mid-HT, and post-HT) using standardised surveys assessing adherence, self-infusion rates, quality of life, and patient satisfaction. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests and McNemar's test for pre-post comparisons. Results The study observed a 75% adoption of self-infusion, up from 38% at baseline. Prophylactic therapy uptake increased by 56%, while adherence to twice-weekly dosing improved from 76% to 83%. Patients reported 93% improvement in mobility and 82% reduction in joint pain and bleeding episodes. Dependence on healthcare providers decreased by 55%, as more patients transitioned to self-administration. The overall satisfaction score was 99%, reflecting high acceptance of the intervention. Conclusion Structured home therapy significantly improved treatment adherence, self-infusion practices, and patient independence, reducing the burden on healthcare providers. The findings support home-based models as a scalable approach for managing haemophilia in resource-limited settings. Future studies should explore multicentre validation and integration of telehealth solutions to sustain these benefits.