BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS: NEW MATERIALS AND THEIR ROLE IN COMBATING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Plastic pollution has emerged as a significant environmental challenge, impacting ecosystems and human health globally. Traditional petroleum-based plastics, due to their slow biodegradation rates, contribute to persistent pollution in landfills and oceans. Biodegradable plastics, derived from renewable resources and capable of breaking down into harmless substances, offer a promising alternative. This article explores the various types of biodegradable plastics, including polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), starch blends, and others, focusing on their production methods, properties, and applications. Further, it investigates the role of these materials in mitigating plastic pollution, considering their environmental impact across their lifecycle. While presenting the potential benefits of biodegradable plastics, this paper also acknowledges the challenges associated with their widespread adoption, including standardization, infrastructure limitations, and the potential for unintended consequences. Ultimately, this article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the field of biodegradable plastics, highlighting their importance in achieving a more sustainable future.