Ozone Layer Depletion: Causes, Effects, and Solutions

The ozone layer is a fragile shield of gas located in the stratosphere, approximately 10 to 50 kilometers above Earth’s surface. It plays a critical role in protecting life on Earth by absorbing the majority of the sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, over the past few decades, this protective layer has been thinning—a phenomenon known as ozone layer depletion. Ozone layer depletion has posed a serious threat to human health and the environment since its discovery in the late 20th century. As a result of widespread international concern and scientific understanding, significant efforts have been made to mitigate this environmental crisis. This paper explores the causes, consequences and key strategies & actions that have been instrumental in reducing ozone-depleting substances (ODS) and promoting the recovery of the ozone layer.