Management of Complications Associated With Vulvovaginoplasty

Over the past few decades, vulvovaginoplasty for transfeminine patients has rapidly advanced in both technique and access. However, a variety of barriers, including geographical access to surgeons, may make it difficult to access the original surgical team for evaluation and management of complications. Given this, local gynecologists and other health professionals may play a vital role in the evaluation and management of nonsurgical complications. Here, we review common complications and provide an overview of their related nonsurgical and surgical management for vulvovaginoplasty for transfeminine patients.