The Impact of MicroRNAs on Posttranslational Modifications and Therapeutic Regulations in Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is regarded as one of the most fatal gynecological malignancies among females across the world, with the highest mortality rate because of its poor prognosis, asymptomatic nature, later stage diagnosis, and gain of chemoresistance property. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) perform a pivotal role in regulating the expression of various genes related to oncogenesis posttranscriptionally through epigenetic machinery by binding to complementary messenger RNAs, resulting in either the inhibition of mRNA translation or the activation of gene expression by binding to certain selective regions in target mRNAs. miRNAs have a major contribution to the growth and advancement of OvCa because of their regulatory role in various genetic and physiological processes. This review aims to examine and identify the dysregulated expression of miRNAs in patients suffering from OvCa by demonstrating their role in the suppression and enhancement of OvCa progression, exhibiting their interaction with long noncoding RNA in OvCa cells, illustrating their effect on posttranslational regulations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, and highlighting their potential clinical and diagnostic applications, for instance, their impact on drug resistance and chemosensitivity in OvCa patients. This review also recognizes and emphasizes the significance of miRNAs as specific biomarkers and valuable therapeutic targets crucial for the development of effective treatment strategies for OvCa.