Preparation and Evaluation of Chitosan Loaded Nanoparticles Containing Lamivudine

The goal of this study was to make and test chitosan nanoparticles that were loaded with Lamivudine to improve drug delivery and effectiveness. We used the ionic gelation method to make nanoparticles out of chitosan, which is a biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide. Lamivudine, an antiviral drug that is often used to treat HIV, was added to the chitosan nanoparticles to make them more soluble, stable, and available to the body. We looked at the size, surface charge (zeta potential), shape, drug encapsulation efficiency, and drug release kinetics of the nanoparticles. We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to confirm that spherical nanoparticles with an average size range of 100–200 nm had formed. It was found that the drug encapsulation efficiency was .more than 80%, which means that Lamivudine was loaded successfully. In vitro release studies showed that Lamivudine was released in a controlled and steady way over a period of 48 hours. This suggests that these nanoparticles could have long-lasting therapeutic effects. Cytotoxicity tests also showed that the nanoparticles were not harmful to human cell lines, which means they are safe for use in possible clinical settings. This study shows that chitosan nanoparticles could be a good way to deliver Lamivudine, which could improve the way the drug works and the results of treatment for HIV infection.