Evaluation of the Relationship Between Intraosseous Lesions in the Maxillofacial Region and Other Pathologies: A Dental Volumetric Tomography Study

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the relative frequency of intraosseous lesions in the maxillofacial region and their relationship with other pathologies using dental volumetric tomography (DVT). Methods: A total of 1150 individuals aged 8-86 were examined retrospectively on DVT images. Lesions were evaluated according to their location and relationship with other maxillofacial pathologies. The obtained DVT data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables. Results: Intraosseous lesions were observed as cystic-tumoral in 27.9% of the patients and as periapical granuloma in 41% and were classified according to their location in the jaws. A statistically significant correlation was found between apical lesions in patients with intraosseous lesions. Apical lesions were more frequently observed in DVT images associated with radicular cysts (p < 0.05). No statistically significant correlation between maxillary sinus diseases and apical lesions was observed, but a relationship was observed with pathological alveolar bone loss (p < 0.05). Conclusion: DVT provides significant benefits in the diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment follow-up of intra-bone pathologies in the jaws. The findings obtained from this study showed that different studies should be conducted for each lesion or lesion group to achieve a standard.