Murine intestinal epithelial cells and lymphocytes undergo contrasting inflammatory shifts during gastrointestinal development

Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) exhibit contrasting inflammatory responses during gastrointestinal maturation, with IECs being more reactive in early stages and IELs becoming reactive later. This study provides a detailed correlation between human and murine intestinal development, offering insights into maturation-dependent inflammatory mechanisms and the role of the TLR-4/NFĸB pathway. Our findings enhance understanding of gastrointestinal maturation and its role in inflammatory diseases like necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).