Towards Smart Cities Implementing Collaborative Governance Models for Urban Sanitation Improvement

This study examines the application of collaborative governance models to improve urban sanitation in the context of smart cities, especially in areas with rapid urbanization. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis, the study maps trends and opportunities for collaboration between various parties, including the government, private sector, communities, and academia. The findings reveal that collaborative approaches have proven effective in improving sanitation management capacity through technological integration and active participation of various stakeholders, although they still face challenges such as complex coordination and financial sustainability. By referring to the theoretical framework of collaborative governance and the concept of smart cities, this study provides a practical guide for policymakers to maximize collaboration in urban sanitation, strengthen the role of digital technologies, and accelerate the transition to cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable cities.