Advances in Bioactive Secondary Metabolites of Plant Endophytes

植物内生菌(Endophyte)是能够定殖在植物细胞间隙或细胞内，并与寄主植物建立和谐联合关系的一类微生物，主要包括内生真菌、内生细菌以及内生放线菌三类。医学研究表明，植物内生菌代谢产物具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒等生物活性，而在农业方面也具有促植物生长等重要作用。因此，植物内生菌被认为是获取具有治疗用途的生物分子的最重要的微生物资源之一，具有良好的开发前景，本文对其次生代谢物常见生物活性的最新研究进展作一综述。Plant endophytes are microorganisms capable of colonizing the intercellular spaces or intracellular regions of plants and establishing a harmonious symbiotic relationship with their host plants. They primarily include three categories: endophytic fungi, endophytic bacteria, and endophytic actinomycetes. Medical studies have demonstrated that metabolites from plant endophytes exhibit biological activities such as antitumor, antibacterial, and antiviral effects. In agriculture, they also play significant roles in promoting plant growth and enhancing stress tolerance. Therefore, plant endophytes are recognized as one of the most critical microbial resources for obtaining therapeutic biomolecules, demonstrating promising development prospects. This review comprehensively summarizes recent advances in the common bioactivities of their secondary metabolites.