Research on Utility Evaluation and Optimization of the Third Pillar Pension in Multi-level Pension Security for Employees in New Business Forms

Against the backdrop of uneven pressure on the three-pillar pension system and a mismatch between pension funds and the demographic structure, a large number of employees in new forms of employment remain outside the pension security system, facing relatively high pension risks. Due to their high job mobility, weak long-term planning ability, and large income fluctuations, on the basis of maintaining the balance of the three-pillar pension system, individual pension schemes may become a breakthrough point for improving the pension situation of employees in new forms of employment.In line with the national goal of building a multi-level and multi-pillar old-age insurance system, to study the supplementary role of the third-pillar individual pension policy for employees in new forms of employment, this article constructs an evaluation system using the analytic hierarchy process and designs a questionnaire. After conducting a questionnaire survey in six cities in Shandong Province, the collected data are analyzed. It is found that the short-term effect of the current policy is that residents' awareness of pension issues is gradually improving, and the participation rate is increasing, but the behavior is short-term, and residents generally tend to avoid pension risks. Therefore, regarding the deepening of the individual pension system, the article puts forward three suggestions: (1) Conduct comprehensive publicity through multiple channels and with emphasis on key points; (2) Enhance the system's attractiveness according to the characteristics of the target population; (3) Improve the public's awareness of pension planning and financial literacy; (4) Strengthen the connection and transformation among different pillars of the pension system.