Conceptual Model of Rumination in Islamic Source

Background and Purpose: Ineffective and negativethinking is called rumination. The present study aimed to develop a conceptual model of rumination based on Islamic sources using the qualitative content analysis method. Materials and Methods: The present qualitative study used content analysis. First, the definition and components of "rumination" in psychology were determined, and based on that, related concepts and components were extracted from Islamic sources and qualitatively analyzed, and a conceptual model was constructed. Following that, the validity of the findings was obtained by evaluating the opinions of experts, by calculating content validity index (CVR=0.91) and content validity ratio (CVR=0.97), which indicates the validity of the findings. Results: The four components of weak faith, extreme comfort-seeking, excessive desire for worldly affairs, and forgetting God are among the underlying factors (underlying causes). As a result of these ineffective cognitions, a person feels a lack of what is desirable. Due to the innate ability to attract benefit and repel harm in human nature, feelings of regret arise from recalling disturbing memories, which are considered the revealing factor and the beginning of rumination. Conclusion: As a result of the formation of the rumination model, two harmful behavioral components emerged: (1) weakness in decision-making, (2) negativity, which is considered a perpetuating factor of rumination.