Evaluations of the impacts of Dietary supplements and hormonal usage on the physiological parameters of bodybuilders in Koya City

Bodybuilders are more likely than other athletes to utilize hormonal (H), and non-hormonal (NH) supplements to improve physical performance and training. The study's objectives were to examine the impact of H and NH supplement on hematological and biochemical markers, as well as social and psychological factors pertinent to their misuse among young bodybuilders in Koya City, 51 adults (males and females) with a mean age of 27.12 ± 2.39 years were included in this study and separated into two main groups: bodybuilders= 31 , and control=20 , then subdivided into four Mini groups: supplemental bodybuilder group-I (SB group-I=12), supplemental bodybuilder group-II (SB group-I=19), non-athlete control group (NA control=10), and non-supplemental athlete control group (NSA control=10). 50.81% of the athletes showed using NH, versus 19.67% using H. Females are significantly less likely than males to participate in bodybuilding (OR 0.326 (95% CI 0.169-0.628), p < 0.01). High school or college graduates are less likely to take H and NH supplements (OR 0.199 (95% CI 0.088-0.449), p < 0.001). RBC, hematocrit, hemoglobin, MCV, ALT, AST, testosterone, creatinine, urea, and BUN levels were significantly higher in SB groups I and II than in NA and NSA controls. The findings highlight the need for evidence-based supplementation guidelines.