Research Progress on the Modification of CeO<sub>2</sub>-Based Electrolytes for Intermediate and Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)因高效率、环境友好等优点受到广泛关注，中低温化是其未来发展的必然趋势。CeO2基电解质因其独特的物理化学性质，在中低温SOFC领域展现出巨大潜力，但其性能仍需进一步提升。本文综述了CeO2基电解质的四种改性方法：掺杂(单掺、双掺、多掺)、复合(与碳酸盐、硫酸盐、氧化物、钙钛矿复合)、表面处理及包覆型结构，并讨论了每种改性方法对电解质及电池性能的影响。研究表明，掺杂可引入氧空位，显著提高CeO2基的离子电导率；复合电解质则能综合利用各组分优势及界面效应提升CeO2基电解质的离子电导率；表面处理能有效改善CeO2基电解质表面性质，提高其电导率；包覆型结构则能有效保护CeO2基电解质颗粒，同时包覆层还可以作为离子传输的快速通道，提高电池的稳定性和功率密度。本综述期望为实验上制备高性能CeO2基电解质材料提供理论指导。Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have garnered significant attention due to their high efficiency and environmental friendliness, with intermediate and low temperature operation being an inevitable trend for future development. CeO2-based electrolytes exhibit immense potential in the field of intermediate and low temperature SOFCs owing to their unique physicochemical properties. However, their performance still requires further enhancement. This paper reviews four modification methods for CeO2-based electrolytes: doping (single, double, and multi-doping), compounding (with carbonates, sulfates, oxides, perovskites), surface treatment, and coated structures. The influence of each modification method on the electrolyte and cell performance is discussed. Research indicates that doping can introduce oxygen vacancies, significantly improving the ionic conductivity of CeO2-based electrolytes. Compound electrolytes can leverage the advantages of each component and interfacial effects to enhance the ionic conductivity of CeO2-based electrolytes. Surface treatment effectively improves the surface properties of CeO2-based electrolytes, thereby increasing their conductivity. Coated structures can effectively protect CeO2-based electrolyte particles, and the coating layer can also serve as a fast channel for ion transport, improving the stability and power density of the cells. This review aims to provide theoretical guidance for the experimental preparation of high-performance CeO2-based electrolyte materials.